Written Decorations in Arabic Calligraphy: Examples from the Architecture of the Zianid City of Tlemcen

Abstract

Arabic calligraphy, in its various applied arts and architecture, is one of the distinctive features of Islamic civilization.

Its significance extends even further when it touches the spiritual and aesthetic aspects of its creator. This will be clarified through main and subheadings, starting with: What is the role of Arabic calligraphy in its interaction and integration with Islamic architectural arts, through various inscriptions and  writings, ranging from foundational to commemorative, as well as slogans, 
supplications, poetic verses, and Quranic verses? The architecture of the city of  Tlemcen will be used as a model to demonstrate and clarify this both functionally and artistically, spanning from the 6th century to the end of the 9th century AH (6-9 AH / 12-15 AD).