Application des propriétés linguistiques universelles dans l'enseignement des langues : une étude comparative de l'arabe et de l'anglais

Résumé

This research addresses the contemporary developments required for teaching the Arabic language in accordance with its evolving context. It starts by adopting contrastive linguistic tools as a framework for teaching and learning the Arabic language. Modern linguistic lessons, within what is known as linguistic universals, have demonstrated general linguistic facts shared among languages that can serve as successful starting points in the educational process. When teaching Arabic to non-native speakers, we build on linguistically established similarities, followed by providing foundational acquisitions. Subsequently, we introduce variations based on predetermined specific purposes. As for native Arabic speakers, it might be more beneficial to present linguistic curriculum from a contrastive perspective with the languages learners are proficient in. This enables them to develop common linguistic faculties, allowing for an approach between their second language and their native language, addressing numerous comparative questions across various linguistic models that foster proficiency and refine skills.  The research aims to highlight the current linguistic need to capitalize on these contrastive linguistic concepts, teaching the Arabic language in diverse linguistic environments without divorcing it from an inevitable linguistic reality. The methodology will be descriptive, occasionally comparative, presenting various situations and models imposed by the linguistic reality in teaching Arabic from a contrastive linguistic perspective. This will be addressed in the following sections: (Introduction to Contrastive Linguistics), (Human Languages; Universalities and Linguistic Specificities), (Linguistic Commonalities in Contrastive Teaching), and the Conclusion.